Scientific Knowledge Graphs – Interoperability Framework (SKG-IF) WG; OSTrails Project 2025-11-23 This work is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode) The SKG-IF Ontology: Service Extension srv SRV-O is an extension of the SKG-IF Ontology (SKG-O) that introduces entities necessary to model Service-type objects used to process data in various use-cases, as well as their relationships with well-established entities in the SKG-IF data model. This extension is developed in the context of the OSTrails project. SRV-O: Service Extension 1.1.0 In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * srv:Service In SKG-IF, it is used to link a Service to an APIProfile instance describing endpoint and API specifications. * srv:APIProfile dcterms:conformsTo (SKG-IF labels: conformsTo) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * srv:Service * fabio:Work In SKG-IF, it is used to link to entities belonging to the following classes (range): * foaf:Organization dcterms:relation (SKG-IF labels: relevant_organisations) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * SoftwareSourceCode, requires the presence of a url (landing page, source code rep.) dcterms:requires (SKG-IF labels: requires) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * dcat:DataService * srv:Service In SKG-IF, it is used to link to entities belonging to the following classes (range): * owl:Thing The disciplines for which a Service, Data source is dedicated. The disciplines must be specified using the Library of Congress Classification codes, available at https://id.loc.gov/authorities/classification (e.g. `PA3000-PA3049` for classical literature). In case a Data source is discipline agnostic, the string `all` should be specified. dcterms:subject (SKG-IF labels: disciplines) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * fabio:Work * srv:Service In SKG-IF, it is used to link to entities belonging to the following classes (range): * bido:BibliometricDataInTime The core SKG-IF ontology restricts this property's domain to fabio:Work (research products). This entry extends effective use to srv:Service, following the same pragmatic usage already present in all 120+ ext-srv example files. NOTE: The full BIDO structure (bido:holdsBibliometricDataInTime → bido:BibliometricDataInTime → bido:withBibliometricData → fabio:SubjectTerm) is overkill for Service topic classification. The bido:BibliometricDataInTime wrapper exists to carry provenance (trust scores from multiple inference systems) and temporal tracking — neither of which applies to services, where topics are asserted directly by the service maintainer. Kept for consistency with the core inter-entity relation pattern between entities and Topic entities (both must resolve via the same local_identifier). TODO: Propose to the core team (skg-if/data-model) that bido:holdsBibliometricDataInTime be broadened to a general cross-entity alias not restricted to fabio:Work — topics are equally applicable to Services, Venues, Data Sources, etc. Consider also whether a simpler cross-entity topics relation (without the BIDO provenance wrapper) would better serve non-bibliometric entities. bido:holdsBibliometricDataInTime (SKG-IF labels: topics) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * bido:BibliometricDataInTime In SKG-IF, it is used to link to entities belonging to the following classes (range): * fabio:SubjectTerm The identifier of a Topic relevant for the Service. bido:withBibliometricData (SKG-IF labels: term) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * skos:Concept In SKG-IF, it is used to link to entities belonging to the following classes (range): * skos:ConceptScheme The classification scheme or vocabulary that a Topic term belongs to. skos:inScheme (SKG-IF labels: defined_in) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * srv:Service In SKG-IF, it is used to link to entities belonging to the following classes (range): * foaf:Document foaf:homepage (SKG-IF labels: website) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * srv:Service In SKG-IF, it is used to indicate the maturity of the Service using values from the vocabulary (https://vocabs.sshopencloud.eu/vocabularies/eosc-life-cycle-status/) srv:eoscLifeCycleStatus (SKG-IF labels: srv_life_cycle_status) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * srv:Service In SKG-IF, it is used to indicate geographic & administrative areas from https://vocabs.sshopencloud.eu/browse/eosc-geographical-availability/en/ srv:geographicalAvailability (SKG-IF labels: srv_availability_geographic) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * srv:Service In SKG-IF, it is used to link to entities belonging to the following classes (range): * foaf:Organization service associated legally responsible hosting organisation (legal entity) srv:hasHostingLegalEntity (SKG-IF labels: srv_has_hosting_legal_entity) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * srv:Service In SKG-IF, it is used to link to entities belonging to the following classes (range): * foaf:Organization (type: hosting_organisation) service is hosted by srv:hasHostingOrganisation (SKG-IF labels: srv_has_hosting_organisation) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * srv:Service In SKG-IF, it is used to link to entities belonging to the following classes (range): * skg:Venue (type: srv_portal) Links a Service to the portals or catalogues through which it is advertised and accessible. srv:hasVenue (SKG-IF labels: srv_venues) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * srv:Service In SKG-IF, it is used to indicate audience roles from (https://vocabs.sshopencloud.eu/vocabularies/sshoc-audience/audienceScheme) srv:intendedAudienceRole (SKG-IF labels: srv_audience_byrole) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * srv:Service In SKG-IF, it is used to indicate the method of service invocation using values from the vocabulary (https://vocabs.sshopencloud.eu/vocabularies/invocation-type/) srv:invocationType (SKG-IF labels: srv_invocation_type) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * srv:Service In SKG-IF, it is used to link to entities belonging to the following classes (range): * skg:research_product (type software) * fabio:Software * schema:SoftwareSourceCode A identifier for the software or software research product. srv:isDeploymentOf (SKG-IF labels: srv_deployment_of) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * srv:Service In SKG-IF, it is used to link to entities belonging to the following classes (range): * foaf:Organization (type: research_infrastructure) is part of research infrastructure organisation srv:isPartOfResearchInfrastructure (SKG-IF labels: srv_has_research_infrastructure) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * srv:Service In SKG-IF, it is used to link a Service to one or more research products (e.g. software, datasets, workflows, publications) that are conceptually related but not necessarily deployed by the service. Links a Service to one or more related SKG-IF research products (e.g., software, datasets, workflows). Complements `srv:isDeploymentOf` (software actually deployed). srv:relatedResearchProduct (SKG-IF labels: related_products) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * srv:Service In SKG-IF, it is used to indicate the languages (identifiers)the Service can process (range): * lvont:Language srv:supportedLanguage (SKG-IF labels: srv_supported_language) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * srv:Service In SKG-IF, it is used to link to entities belonging to the following data types (range): * xsd:string Describe the type of Service and its function. dcterms:description (SKG-IF labels: description) skos:altLabel (SKG-IF labels: other_names) skos:prefLabel (SKG-IF labels: labels) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * srv:Service In SKG-IF, it is used to link to entities belonging to the following data types (range): * rdfs:Literal The canonical name of the service. foaf:name (SKG-IF labels: name) In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * srv:Service In SKG-IF, it is used to link to entities belonging to the following data types (range): * xsd:string The type of the audience based on the Jurisdiction vocabulary: pool of users the Service is intended to serve (i.e., either Global, Institution, National, or Regional aka multiple countries, from https://zenodo.org/records/15516020). srv:audienceJurisdiction (SKG-IF labels: srv_audience_byjurisdiction) The properties that can be used with this class are: * skos:prefLabel -[0..N]-> rdfs:Literal dcterms:Standard The properties that can be used with this class are: * bido:withBibliometricData -[1]-> fabio:SubjectTerm bido:BibliometricDataInTime datacite:IdentifierScheme fabio:Software (SKG-IF labels: software) The properties that can be used with this class are: * skos:prefLabel -[0..N]-> rdfs:Literal * skos:inScheme -[0..1]-> skos:ConceptScheme fabio:SubjectTerm (SKG-IF labels: Topic) fabio:Work (SKG-IF labels: any) A place or installation built or designed to serve a specific function or provide a specific service, for example an animal breeding centre, a DNA sequencing facility or a confocal imaging laboratory. facility pro:Role skos:ConceptScheme The properties that can be used with this class are: * foaf:homepage -[0..N]-> foaf:Document * schema:codeRepository -[1..N]-> xsd:anyURI Computer programming source code, including full (compile-ready) solutions, code snippet samples, templates, scripts, and other software artefacts. schema:SoftwareSourceCode 1 1 A concrete API profile or specification that pairs service endpoints with (possibly) several API standards. The properties that can be used with this class are: * dcat:endpointURL -[1]-> xsd:anyURI * schema:url -[1..N]-> xsd:anyURI API Profile 1 The properties that can be used with this class are: * schema:provider -[1]-> foaf:Organization * skos:prefLabel -[1..N]-> rdfs:Literal * skos:altLabel -[0..N]-> rdfs:Literal organizational facility that operates services and provides portal access to them Facility Portal organisation reponsible for hosting a service or infrastructure component hosting organisation organisation responsible for aggregating and cataloging meta data of data sets and services and supporting users search access portal organisation that provides facilities, resources and services for the research communities to conduct research. research infrastructure The properties that can be used with this class are: * datacite:hasIdentifier -[0..N]-> datacite:Identifier * foaf:name -[1..1]-> rdfs:Literal * skos:altLabel -[0..N]-> rdfs:Literal * dcterms:description -[0..N]-> rdfs:langString * foaf:homepage -[0..1]-> foaf:Document * srv:audienceJurisdiction -[0..N]-> xsd:string * srv:intendedAudienceRole -[0..N]-> skos:Concept * dcterms:subject -[0..N]-> owl:Thing * srv:invocationType -[0..N]-> skos:Concept * srv:eoscLifeCycleStatus -[0..1]-> skos:Concept * srv:geographicalAvailability -[0..N]-> owl:Thing * srv:supportedLanguage -[0..N]-> lvont:Language * srv:isPartOfResearchInfrastructure -[0..N]-> foaf:Organization * srv:hasHostingOrganisation -[0..N]-> foaf:Organization * srv:hasHostingLegalEntity -[0..1]-> foaf:Organization * dcterms:relation -[0..N]-> foaf:Organization * dcterms:conformsTo -[0..N]-> srv:APIProfile * schema:provider -[0..1]-> srv:FacilityPortal * srv:isDeploymentOf -[0..N]-> fabio:Software * srv:isDeploymentOf -[0..N]-> schema:SoftwareSourceCode * srv:isDeploymentOf -[0..N]-> skg:research_product * srv:relatedResearchProduct -[0..N]-> skg:research_product * bido:holdsBibliometricDataInTime -[0..N]-> bido:BibliometricDataInTime * srv:hasVenue -[0..1]-> skg:Venue * schema:isAccessibleForFree -[0..1]-> xsd:boolean srv:Service SKG-IF alias for fabio:ExpressionCollection. In a Service context 'Venue' better expresses the intent: a portal, catalogue, or registry through which a service is advertised and accessible. The core JSON-LD context maps this as "venue": "fabio:ExpressionCollection". skg:Venue SKG-IF alias for fabio:Work. In a Service context 'research product' better expresses the intent: any scholarly output (software, dataset, publication, workflow) that a service deploys or relates to. The core JSON-LD context maps this as "product": "fabio:Work". skg:research_product endpoint URL In SKG-IF, it is used in the following classes (domain): * srv:APIProfile In SKG-IF, it is used to link to the URL(s) of the API specification document(s) (range): * xsd:anyURI schema:url (SKG-IF labels: api_specification_url)